Healthy Housing Data Methods, Limitations, and References
Median Rent
Methods
- Data were obtained from U.S. Census Bureau’s 2012-2016 American Community Survey 5-year Estimates at American FactFinder.
- Data were mapped using ArcGIS for Desktop and ArcGIS Online.
- Data included all renter-occupied housing units, regardless of number of bedrooms.
Limitations
- Approximately 295,000 households are selected to participate in the annual American Community Survey, or less than 1 percent of all households in the U.S.
- Data were estimates based on survey responses, and not actual counts.
- Estimates have some chance of error.
References
- U.S. Census Bureau, American Community Survey and Puerto Rico Community Survey 2016 Subject Definitions
- Robert Wood Johnson Foundation, Where We Live Matters for Our Health: The Links Between Housing and Health
Rent Burden
Methods
- Data were obtained from U.S. Census Bureau’s 2012-2016 American Community Survey 5-year Estimates at American FactFinder.
- Data were cleaned and aggregated to determine the percentage of rent burdened households on the census tract level.
- Data were mapped using ArcGIS for Desktop and ArcGIS Online.
- Data included all renter-occupied housing units.
Limitations
- Approximately 295,000 households are selected to participate in the annual American Community Survey, or less than 1 percent of all households in the U.S.
- Data were estimated from survey responses.
- Estimates have some chance of error.
References
- U.S. Census Bureau, American Community Survey and Puerto Rico Community Survey 2016 Subject Definitions
- U.S. Housing and Urban Development Department, Affordable Housing
- Robert Wood Johnson Foundation, Where We Live Matters for Our Health: The Links Between Housing and Health
Homeownership
Methods
- Data were obtained from U.S. Census Bureau’s 2012-2016 American Community Survey 5-year Estimates at American FactFinder.
- Data were mapped using ArcGIS for Desktop and ArcGIS Online.
- Data included all occupied housing units.
Limitations
- Approximately 295,000 households are selected to participate in the annual American Community Survey, or less than 1 percent of all households in the U.S.
- Data were estimated from survey responses.
- Estimates have some chance of error.
References
- U.S. Census Bureau, American Community Survey and Puerto Rico Community Survey 2016 Subject Definitions
- Robert Wood Johnson Foundation, Where We Live Matters for Our Health: The Links Between Housing and Health
Overcrowding
Methods
- Data were obtained from U.S. Census Bureau’s 2012-2016 American Community Survey 5-year Estimates at American FactFinder.
- Data were mapped using ArcGIS for Desktop and ArcGIS Online.
- Data inlcluded all occupied housing units.
Limitations
- Approximately 295,000 households are selected to participate in the annual American Community Survey, or less than 1 percent of all households in the U.S.
- Data were estimated from survey responses.
- Estimates have some chance of error.
References
- U.S. Census Bureau, American Community Survey and Puerto Rico Community Survey 2016 Subject Definitions
- U.S. Department of Housing and Urban Development, Measuring Overcrowding in Housing
- Robert Wood Johnson Foundation, Where We Live Matters for Our Health: The Links Between Housing and Health
Displacement
Methods
- Data were obtained from the UC Berkeley Urban Displacement Project.
- Data were cleaned and aggregated.
- Data were mapped using ArcGIS for Desktop and ArcGIS Online.
Limitations
- Loss of low-income households was used as proxy for displacement in calculating the gentrification index.
- The gentrification index is an estimate of neighborhoods’ displacement status and not expected to always be precise. There is some chance of error with all estimates.
References
Jobs-Housing Fit
Methods
- Data used are from the UC Davis Center for Regional Change 2013 Regional Opportunity Index, which is a combination of Census-produced datasets including the Longitudinal Employer Dynamics (LEHD) Origin-Destination Employment Statistics Dataset (LODES), and the Workplace Area Characteristics file.
- Housing data within the Regional Opportunities Index are calculated from 2009-2013 American Community Survey 5-year estimates.
- Definitions for low wage are from the LODES dataset and affordable housing is defined as less than 30% of monthly income.
- Data were mapped using ArcGIS for Desktop and ArcGIS Online.
Limitations
- The Regional Opportunity Index defines employment as that covered by the Unemployment Insurance System and does not include self-employed workers.
- The reference point for employment is April 1 of each year and therefore undercounts seasonal employment.
References
Affordable Housing
Methods
- RHNA data was compiled from the Association of Bay Area Governments (2007-2014).
- Very low income households are households earning 0-50% of the area median income and low income households earn 50-80% of the area median income.
Limitations
- RHNA are based on U.S. Census population data and projections and are therefore limited by the number of people residing in a jurisdiction. Fluctuations in population growth could impact the actual number of housing units required to support every income category.
References
- San Francisco Bay Area Progress in Meeting 2007-2014 Regional Housing Need Allocation (RHNA)
- Plan Bay Area, Regional Housing Need Plan for the San Francisco Bay Area: 2014-2022
Commuters
Methods
- Data were obtained from the U.S. Census Bureau’s Longitudinal Employer-Household Dynamics Program 2015 data at OnTheMap.
- Data were mapped using ArcGIS for Desktop and ArcGIS Online.
Limitations
- The Longitudinal Employer-Household Dynamics Program data were compiled from state administrative data and combined with other U.S. Census Bureau data.
- Data were based on estimates which have some chance of error.
References